van der Waals heterostructures

van der Waals (vdW) materials are composed of weakly bonded two-dimensional (2D) layers that can be easily isolated and re-stacked into heterostructures composed of different 2D materials. The vdW heterostructures add an increased range of functionalities to the variety of existing 2D materials, owing to the large variety of heterostructures that can be engineered. The properties of heterostructures can be further tuned by controlling the twist angle, the stacking order, or the contents of the interlayer spacing, among other things. All these make of the vdW heterostructures potential candidates for a plethora of applications for novel electronic and optoelectronic devices.