Interactions between solid–fluid particles during thermosolutal convection of a rotating cylinder in a cavity

The ISPH method is adopted to simulate the diffusion of solid particles through a nanofluid flow during the dual rotation of two circular cylinders inside a cavity. Half of the solid particles are carrying (Formula presented.) and the others carry (Formula presented.). The novelty of this work is in simulating the dual rotation of circular cylinders with the dispersion of solid particles below the influences of Soret-Dufour numbers. The major outcomes revealed that the interactions between solid particles and nanofluid flow are enhanced according to an increase in Soret/Dufour numbers. Increasing the Hartmann number declines the interaction process between solid particles and nanofluid flow. The radius of a circular cylinder is working well in changing the transport of heat/mass within a cavity due to the variations in the total number of solid particles. The values of Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are influenced by physical factors.