TY - JOUR
T1 - Growth of umbrella-like millimeter-scale single-crystalline graphene on liquid copper
AU - Zhang, Chitengfei
AU - Tu, Rong
AU - Dong, Mingdong
AU - Li, Jun
AU - Yang, Meijun
AU - Li, Qizhong
AU - Shi, Ji
AU - Li, Haiwen
AU - Ohmori, Hitoshi
AU - Zhang, Song
AU - Zhang, Lianmeng
AU - Goto, Takashi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Science Challenge Project (No. TZ2016001 ), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51372188 , 11602251 , 51861145306 and 51872212 ), and the 111 Project ( B13035 ), and Joint Fund of Ministry of Education for Pre-research of Equipment ( 201922JJ02 ). This research was also supported by the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China ( 2014DFA53090 ), the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province, China ( 2016CFA006 ), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WUT: 2017YB004 , 2018YS003 , 2018YS016 , 2019III030 , 2019III028 ), and the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing (WUT, Grant No. 2019-KF-12 ).
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Science Challenge Project (No.TZ2016001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51372188, 11602251, 51861145306 and 51872212), and the 111 Project (B13035), and Joint Fund of Ministry of Education for Pre-research of Equipment (201922JJ02). This research was also supported by the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2014DFA53090), the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province, China (2016CFA006), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WUT: 2017YB004, 2018YS003, 2018YS016, 2019III030, 2019III028), and the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing (WUT, Grant No. 2019-KF-12).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/9
Y1 - 2019/9
N2 - Novel single-crystalline umbrella-like graphene (ULG) domains with the diameter up to 0.6 mm were achieved on liquid copper by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD). ULG exhibits 6-fold symmetry with 6 ribs. Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed that the ULG was few-layer graphene with ultralow level of defects. Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) results shown the single-crystalline nature of ULG. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shown the thickness of the panel was 3.5 nm and the thickness of the rib varied gradiently from 11.22 nm to 5.44 nm. The growth mechanism of the ULG was also explored by studying the influence of varied methane and hydrogen flow, which shows the ULG was formed during the nucleation stage. The larger flow of hydrogen supported decreasing the nucleation density of ULG, which was preferred for the formation of large domain ULG. Moreover, ULG partially immersed into liquid copper during the nucleation stage, thus, carbon atoms could reach each layer of ULG, leading to the continual growth of ULG graphene.
AB - Novel single-crystalline umbrella-like graphene (ULG) domains with the diameter up to 0.6 mm were achieved on liquid copper by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD). ULG exhibits 6-fold symmetry with 6 ribs. Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed that the ULG was few-layer graphene with ultralow level of defects. Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) results shown the single-crystalline nature of ULG. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shown the thickness of the panel was 3.5 nm and the thickness of the rib varied gradiently from 11.22 nm to 5.44 nm. The growth mechanism of the ULG was also explored by studying the influence of varied methane and hydrogen flow, which shows the ULG was formed during the nucleation stage. The larger flow of hydrogen supported decreasing the nucleation density of ULG, which was preferred for the formation of large domain ULG. Moreover, ULG partially immersed into liquid copper during the nucleation stage, thus, carbon atoms could reach each layer of ULG, leading to the continual growth of ULG graphene.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.05.013
DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.05.013
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85066086847
SN - 0008-6223
VL - 150
SP - 356
EP - 362
JO - Carbon
JF - Carbon
ER -