Facile surface functionalization of polystyrene substrates with biomimetic apatite by utilizing serum proteins

Serum proteins such as human serum albumin and human immunoglobulin G can induce heterogeneous nucleation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) in body fluid conditions, which make it possible for them to act as mediators to deposit HAp on polystyrene (PS) surfaces when they are immobilized on PS surfaces by physical adsorption. The present system for preparation of HAp-coated PS surfaces is simple and conversion of PS chemical structures does not occur, so that it can be applicable to various polymer surfaces having protein adsorption ability.