TY - JOUR
T1 - Anti-neurofascin 155 antibody-related neuropathy
AU - Ogata, Hidenori
AU - Yamasaki, Ryo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Japanese Society for Neuroimmunology
PY - 2018/2
Y1 - 2018/2
N2 - Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an intractable inflammatory disease affecting peripheral nerves. The etiology of CIDP remains to be established, but it is regarded as a mixture of heterogeneous conditions presenting a variety of clinical and electrophysiological manifestations. In recent years, autoantibodies against paranodal cell adhesion molecules, such as neurofascin 155 (NF155), contactin 1 and contactin-associated protein 1, have been detected in subsets of CIDP patients. The clinical characteristics of anti-NF155 antibody-positive CIDP have been delineated, and include a younger onset age, higher frequency of distal muscle weakness, sensory ataxia and tremor, higher cerebrospinal fluid protein levels, more conspicuous demyelination on nerve conduction studies, and nerve root hypertrophy on magnetic resonance neurography, when compared with anti-NF155 antibody-negative CIDP patients. Predominant elevation of immunoglobulin G4 subclass is also a characteristic of this disease. Sural nerve biopsy specimens of anti-NF155 antibody-positive CIDP patients show axo-glial detachment in paranodes without inflammatory cell infiltrates or onion bulb formation. While intravenous immunoglobulin is not as effective as expected against anti-NF155 antibody-positive CIDP patients, other immunotherapies, such as corticosteroids, plasmapheresis and B-cell depletion therapy, seem to be effective. Early diagnosis and treatment is important for preventing secondary axonal degeneration. The present review summarizes the emerging details of anti-NF155 antibody-related neuropathy.
AB - Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an intractable inflammatory disease affecting peripheral nerves. The etiology of CIDP remains to be established, but it is regarded as a mixture of heterogeneous conditions presenting a variety of clinical and electrophysiological manifestations. In recent years, autoantibodies against paranodal cell adhesion molecules, such as neurofascin 155 (NF155), contactin 1 and contactin-associated protein 1, have been detected in subsets of CIDP patients. The clinical characteristics of anti-NF155 antibody-positive CIDP have been delineated, and include a younger onset age, higher frequency of distal muscle weakness, sensory ataxia and tremor, higher cerebrospinal fluid protein levels, more conspicuous demyelination on nerve conduction studies, and nerve root hypertrophy on magnetic resonance neurography, when compared with anti-NF155 antibody-negative CIDP patients. Predominant elevation of immunoglobulin G4 subclass is also a characteristic of this disease. Sural nerve biopsy specimens of anti-NF155 antibody-positive CIDP patients show axo-glial detachment in paranodes without inflammatory cell infiltrates or onion bulb formation. While intravenous immunoglobulin is not as effective as expected against anti-NF155 antibody-positive CIDP patients, other immunotherapies, such as corticosteroids, plasmapheresis and B-cell depletion therapy, seem to be effective. Early diagnosis and treatment is important for preventing secondary axonal degeneration. The present review summarizes the emerging details of anti-NF155 antibody-related neuropathy.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85041894077&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85041894077&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/cen3.12444
DO - 10.1111/cen3.12444
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85041894077
SN - 1759-1961
VL - 9
SP - 54
EP - 64
JO - Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology
JF - Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology
IS - 1
ER -