Anti-neurofascin 155 antibody-positive neuropathy in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-Associated neuropathy is a common complication of HIV infection and has several clinical subtypes. HIV-Associated chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is a demyelinating neuropathy whose clinical features are known to differ from those of CIDP in the HIV-uninfected population. We herein report a case of CIDP in an HIV-infected patient who was finally diagnosed with anti-neurofascin 155 (NF155) antibody-positive neuropathy. The clinical features, including clinical findings and therapeutic responses, were typical of paranodal antibody-mediated neuropathy. To our knowledge, this is the first case of anti-NF155 antibody-Associated neuropathy in an HIV-infected patient.