A new strategy for membrane-based direct air capture

Direct CO₂ capture from the air, so-called direct air capture (DAC), has become inevitable to reduce the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere. Current DAC technologies consider only sorbent-based systems. Recently, there have been reports that show ultrahigh CO₂ permeances in gas separation membranes and thus membrane separation could be a potential new technology for DAC in addition to sorbent-based CO₂ capture. The simulation of chemical processes has been well established and is commonly used for the development and performance assessment of industrial chemical processes. These simulations offer a credible assessment of the feasibility of membrane-based DAC (m-DAC). In this paper, we discuss the potential of m-DAC considering the state-of-the-art performance of organic polymer membranes. The multistage membrane separation process was employed in process simulation to estimate the energy requirements for m-DAC. Based on the analysis, we propose the target membrane separation performance required for m-DAC with competitive energy expenses. Finally, we discuss the direction of future membrane development for DAC.