Viscosities, Densities, and Refractive Indices of Aqueous Propane-1,3-diol

A detailed investigation into the viscosity, density, and refractive index of a binary mixture of propane-1,3-diol/water was performed for the whole range of mass fractions of propane-1,3-diol. The viscosity and density were measured over a wide range of temperatures from T = 253.15 K to T = 353.15 K where possible, or to the nearest safe point before freezing. The refractive indices were measured for the same dilutions as in the case of the viscosity and density over a reduced temperature range of T = (278.15 to 318.15) K. A mathematical analysis via excess properties was conducted and fitted to the Redlich-Kister equation. Furthermore, a prediction of density data is provided by a polynomial and DIPPR exponential model. The viscosity data are fitted to Grunberg-Nissan, Lederer, McAllister, and Heric models and a new combined model with variable temperature and molar and mass fractions based on these models is presented. Data comparison of the propane-1,3-diol/water binary mixture is performed on propan-1,2-diol/water mixture as the physically closest binary system and application alternative fluid.