TY - JOUR
T1 - Tug-of-war between actomyosin-driven antagonistic forces determines the positioning symmetry in cell-sized confinement
AU - Sakamoto, Ryota
AU - Tanabe, Masatoshi
AU - Hiraiwa, Tetsuya
AU - Suzuki, Kazuya
AU - Ishiwata, Shin’ichi
AU - Maeda, Yusuke T.
AU - Miyazaki, Makito
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Z. Izri for fruitful discussion. This work was partly supported by Grants-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research (grant no. 15K14497 to M.M.), Young Scientists (A) (grant no. 16H06165 to M.M.), Young Scientists (B) (grant no. 16K17777 to T.H.), Scientific Research (B) (grant no. 17KT0025 to Y.T.M., grant no. 16KT0077 to M.M.), Scientific Research (S) (grant no. 22227005 to S.I.), Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Molecular Engines” (grant no. 18H05427 to Y.T.M., grant no. 19H05393 to M.M.), and JSPS Fellows (grant no. JP19J20035 to R.S.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan; Human Frontier Science Program Research Grant (grant no. RGP0037/2015 to Y.T.M.); Waseda University Grant for Special Research Projects (grant no. 2015S-086 to M.M.); Kishimoto Foundation Research Grant from the Senri Life Science Foundation (to M.M.); and The Hakubi project of Kyoto University (to M.M.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - Symmetric or asymmetric positioning of intracellular structures including the nucleus and mitotic spindle steers various biological processes such as cell migration, division, and embryogenesis. In typical animal cells, both a sparse actomyosin meshwork in the cytoplasm and a dense actomyosin cortex underneath the cell membrane participate in the intracellular positioning. However, it remains unclear how these coexisting actomyosin structures regulate the positioning symmetry. To reveal the potential mechanism, we construct an in vitro model composed of cytoplasmic extracts and nucleus-like clusters confined in droplets. Here we find that periodic centripetal actomyosin waves contract from the droplet boundary push clusters to the center in large droplets, while network percolation of bulk actomyosin pulls clusters to the edge in small droplets. An active gel model quantitatively reproduces molecular perturbation experiments, which reveals that the tug-of-war between two distinct actomyosin networks with different maturation time-scales determines the positioning symmetry.
AB - Symmetric or asymmetric positioning of intracellular structures including the nucleus and mitotic spindle steers various biological processes such as cell migration, division, and embryogenesis. In typical animal cells, both a sparse actomyosin meshwork in the cytoplasm and a dense actomyosin cortex underneath the cell membrane participate in the intracellular positioning. However, it remains unclear how these coexisting actomyosin structures regulate the positioning symmetry. To reveal the potential mechanism, we construct an in vitro model composed of cytoplasmic extracts and nucleus-like clusters confined in droplets. Here we find that periodic centripetal actomyosin waves contract from the droplet boundary push clusters to the center in large droplets, while network percolation of bulk actomyosin pulls clusters to the edge in small droplets. An active gel model quantitatively reproduces molecular perturbation experiments, which reveals that the tug-of-war between two distinct actomyosin networks with different maturation time-scales determines the positioning symmetry.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-020-16677-9
DO - 10.1038/s41467-020-16677-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 32541780
AN - SCOPUS:85086499771
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 11
JO - Nature communications
JF - Nature communications
IS - 1
M1 - 3063
ER -