Thermomass two step model and general heat conduction law for metals

Based on Einstein's mass-energy relation, the thermomass model reveals the essence of the heat transfer process and therefore has a great potential in engineering applications. The thermomass model and general heat conduction law for dielectrics have been fully developed. In metals, the electrons are the main energy carriers and the non-equilibrium heat conduction between electrons and lattices is dominant in ultra-short time scale. The equilibrium thermomass model needs to be modified. In this paper, a thermomass two step model has been proposed and a general heat conduction law has been established accordingly, which builds the theoretical foundation of the experimental study of ultra-fast heat conduction mechanisms.