TY - JOUR
T1 - The effectiveness of vibratory stimulation in reducing pain in children receiving vaccine injection
T2 - A randomized controlled trial
AU - Ueki, Shingo
AU - Matsunaka, Eriko
AU - Takao, Kenji
AU - Kitao, Mika
AU - Fukui, Minae
AU - Fujita, Yuichi
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Kazuyo Komai, the nursing director of Nakano Children's Hospital, for providing a site for our project. We would also like to thank all the participated children and parents. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI [grant number: JP 18K17594]. The funding source had no role in the study design; data collection, analysis, and interpretations; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the article for publication. We received no external funding. Data sets are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author. All authors attest they meet the ICMJE criteria for authorship.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI [grant number: JP 18K17594]. The funding source had no role in the study design; data collection, analysis, and interpretations; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the article for publication. We received no external funding.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/4/8
Y1 - 2021/4/8
N2 - Background: Although vaccine injections are important, children experience pain and discomfort upon their administration. BUZZY®, a vibratory stimulation tool with an ice pack, was reported to be an effective tool for reducing the pain caused to children during injection administration; its mechanisms were explained by gate control theory. However, the evidence is inadequate because of insufficient methodology in previous reports. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether the application of vibration would significantly reduce children's pain during vaccine injections. Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial recruiting children aged ≤6 years who were receiving vaccine injections was conducted between August and December 2019. If the children's parents consented to their participation, BUZZY® was attached to the child's arm prior to vaccination. BUZZY® was switched on before injection in the intervention group but not in the control group. The vaccination procedure was recorded, and researchers and parents assessed each child's pain using validated pain scales. Researchers conducted their assessment using video data to ensure blinding. Parents were administered a questionnaire after the children's vaccination. Data were analyzed using the t-test or chi-square test. Results: We analyzed 118 children (intervention group = 62, control = 56). No between-group difference was observed according to the researchers’ assessment (mean score = 6.98 and 7.63, respectively; p = 0.25); however, a significant difference was found based on the parents’ assessment (mean score = 7.39 versus 8.46; p = 0.02). Most responses received to open-ended questions were positive comments for this study. Conclusions: We revealed that the effect of vibration is not significant in reducing vaccine injection pain among children. Further studies are needed to examine the other components of BUZZY®, which include its cooling effect, and the effect of BUZZY® itself in terms of whether children will undergo vaccination without resistance and have reduced trauma related to vaccination.
AB - Background: Although vaccine injections are important, children experience pain and discomfort upon their administration. BUZZY®, a vibratory stimulation tool with an ice pack, was reported to be an effective tool for reducing the pain caused to children during injection administration; its mechanisms were explained by gate control theory. However, the evidence is inadequate because of insufficient methodology in previous reports. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether the application of vibration would significantly reduce children's pain during vaccine injections. Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial recruiting children aged ≤6 years who were receiving vaccine injections was conducted between August and December 2019. If the children's parents consented to their participation, BUZZY® was attached to the child's arm prior to vaccination. BUZZY® was switched on before injection in the intervention group but not in the control group. The vaccination procedure was recorded, and researchers and parents assessed each child's pain using validated pain scales. Researchers conducted their assessment using video data to ensure blinding. Parents were administered a questionnaire after the children's vaccination. Data were analyzed using the t-test or chi-square test. Results: We analyzed 118 children (intervention group = 62, control = 56). No between-group difference was observed according to the researchers’ assessment (mean score = 6.98 and 7.63, respectively; p = 0.25); however, a significant difference was found based on the parents’ assessment (mean score = 7.39 versus 8.46; p = 0.02). Most responses received to open-ended questions were positive comments for this study. Conclusions: We revealed that the effect of vibration is not significant in reducing vaccine injection pain among children. Further studies are needed to examine the other components of BUZZY®, which include its cooling effect, and the effect of BUZZY® itself in terms of whether children will undergo vaccination without resistance and have reduced trauma related to vaccination.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.013
DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.013
M3 - Article
C2 - 33744043
AN - SCOPUS:85102862479
SN - 0264-410X
VL - 39
SP - 2080
EP - 2087
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
IS - 15
ER -
