Steam gasification characteristics of coal with rapid heating

Time profiles of weight change of coal samples and the evolution of low molecular weight gases (H₂, CH₄, CO and CO₂) in both steam gasification and pyrolysis of Yallourn brown coal and Taiheiyo subbituminous coal were measured using a thermobalance reactor with a micro GC and a mass spectrometer, in order to examine the reaction mechanism of steam gasification with rapid heating (100 K s^-1). It was found that, in the case of slow heating, steam reacted with metaplast and promoted the evolution of tar above 623 K and that a water shift reaction took place above 873 K. Steam gasification of produced char occurred above 1023 K, increasing the evolution of CO, CO₂ and H₂. When the heating rate was high, steam reforming of volatile matter and steam gasification of metaplast took place parallel to metaplast formation and condensation. The char produced by pyrolysis was almost completely gasified and converted into H ₂ and CO₂ by steam. The chemical energy of coal was mainly converted into hydrogen energy and the gasification efficiency was slightly increased by rapid heating (i.e. 100 K s^-1).