TY - JOUR
T1 - Sequence context-dependent replication of DNA templates containing UV-induced lesions by human DNA polymerase ι
AU - Vaisman, Alexandra
AU - Frank, Ekaterina G.
AU - Iwai, Shigenori
AU - Ohashi, Eiji
AU - Ohmori, Haruo
AU - Hanaoka, Fumio
AU - Woodgate, Roger
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in parts by funds from the NIH Intramural Research Program (A.V., E.G.F., and R.W.); and from the Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) from the Japan Science and Technology Corporation (F.H.). We would also like to thank members of the Section on DNA Replication, Repair and Mutagenesis for their constructive comments during the course of this work.
PY - 2003/9/18
Y1 - 2003/9/18
N2 - Humans possess four Y-family polymerases: pols η, ι, κ and the Rev1 protein. The pivotal role that polη plays in protecting us from UV-induced skin cancers is unquestioned given that mutations in the POLH gene (encoding polη), lead to the sunlight-sensitive and cancer-prone xeroderma pigmentosum variant phenotype. The roles that pols ι, κ and Rev1 play in the tolerance of UV-induced DNA damage is, however, much less clear. For example, in vitro studies in which the ability of polι to bypass UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) or 6-4 pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4PP) lesions has been assayed, are somewhat varied with results ranging from limited misinsertion opposite CPDs to complete lesion bypass. We have tested the hypothesis that such discrepancies might have arisen from different assay conditions and local sequence contexts surrounding each UV-photoproduct and find that polι can facilitate significant levels of unassisted highly error-prone bypass of a T-T CPD, particularly when the lesion is located in a 3′-A[T-T]A-5′ template sequence context and the reaction buffer contains no KCl. When encountering a T-T 6-4PP dimer under the same assay conditions, polι efficiently and accurately inserts the correct base, A, opposite the 3′T of the 6-4PP by factors of ∼102 over the incorporation of incorrect nucleotides, while incorporation opposite the 5′T is highly mutagenic. Polκ has been proposed to function in the bypass of UV-induced lesions by helping extend primers terminated opposite CPDs. However, we find no evidence that the combined actions of polι and polκ result in a significant increase in bypass of T-T CPDs when compared to polι alone. Our data suggest that under certain conditions and sequence contexts, polι can bypass T-T CPDs unassisted and can efficiently incorporate one or more bases opposite a T-T 6-4PP. Such biochemical activities may, therefore, be of biological significance especially in XP-V cells lacking the primary T-T CPD bypassing enzyme, polη.
AB - Humans possess four Y-family polymerases: pols η, ι, κ and the Rev1 protein. The pivotal role that polη plays in protecting us from UV-induced skin cancers is unquestioned given that mutations in the POLH gene (encoding polη), lead to the sunlight-sensitive and cancer-prone xeroderma pigmentosum variant phenotype. The roles that pols ι, κ and Rev1 play in the tolerance of UV-induced DNA damage is, however, much less clear. For example, in vitro studies in which the ability of polι to bypass UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) or 6-4 pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4PP) lesions has been assayed, are somewhat varied with results ranging from limited misinsertion opposite CPDs to complete lesion bypass. We have tested the hypothesis that such discrepancies might have arisen from different assay conditions and local sequence contexts surrounding each UV-photoproduct and find that polι can facilitate significant levels of unassisted highly error-prone bypass of a T-T CPD, particularly when the lesion is located in a 3′-A[T-T]A-5′ template sequence context and the reaction buffer contains no KCl. When encountering a T-T 6-4PP dimer under the same assay conditions, polι efficiently and accurately inserts the correct base, A, opposite the 3′T of the 6-4PP by factors of ∼102 over the incorporation of incorrect nucleotides, while incorporation opposite the 5′T is highly mutagenic. Polκ has been proposed to function in the bypass of UV-induced lesions by helping extend primers terminated opposite CPDs. However, we find no evidence that the combined actions of polι and polκ result in a significant increase in bypass of T-T CPDs when compared to polι alone. Our data suggest that under certain conditions and sequence contexts, polι can bypass T-T CPDs unassisted and can efficiently incorporate one or more bases opposite a T-T 6-4PP. Such biochemical activities may, therefore, be of biological significance especially in XP-V cells lacking the primary T-T CPD bypassing enzyme, polη.
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U2 - 10.1016/S1568-7864(03)00094-6
DO - 10.1016/S1568-7864(03)00094-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 12967656
AN - SCOPUS:0042881002
SN - 1568-7864
VL - 2
SP - 991
EP - 1006
JO - DNA Repair
JF - DNA Repair
IS - 9
ER -
