TY - JOUR
T1 - Regulatory Effects of Soy Isoflavones and Their Metabolites in Milk Production via Different Ways in Mice
AU - Tsugami, Yusaku
AU - Suzuki, Norihiro
AU - Suzuki, Takahiro
AU - Nishimura, Takanori
AU - Kobayashi, Ken
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI grant numbers: 18H0232009 and JP19J10189) and the Kieikai Research Foundation.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2020/5/27
Y1 - 2020/5/27
N2 - Soy products contain abundant genistein and daidzein isoflavones. Orally ingested soy isoflavones are partially metabolized to isoflavan by enteric bacteria. Their levels in the blood increase after soy products are eaten. In this study, we investigated the influence of genistein, daidzein, and equol by intraperitoneal administration in lactating mice. Genistein decreased the secretion of α- and β-casein and downregulated the gene expression of Csn1, Csn2, Csn3, and Wap while inactivating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) and ERK1/2. In contrast, equol increased Csn1-3 expression while inactivating STAT3. Daidzein did not show inhibitory effects on milk production. The effects of genistein and equol were also confirmed in lactating mammary epithelial cells (MECs), which were cultured in the presence of soy isoflavones and equol at physiological concentrations for 7 days. These findings indicate that genistein, daidzein, and equol influence milk production in MECs in vivo and in vitro in distinctly different ways.
AB - Soy products contain abundant genistein and daidzein isoflavones. Orally ingested soy isoflavones are partially metabolized to isoflavan by enteric bacteria. Their levels in the blood increase after soy products are eaten. In this study, we investigated the influence of genistein, daidzein, and equol by intraperitoneal administration in lactating mice. Genistein decreased the secretion of α- and β-casein and downregulated the gene expression of Csn1, Csn2, Csn3, and Wap while inactivating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) and ERK1/2. In contrast, equol increased Csn1-3 expression while inactivating STAT3. Daidzein did not show inhibitory effects on milk production. The effects of genistein and equol were also confirmed in lactating mammary epithelial cells (MECs), which were cultured in the presence of soy isoflavones and equol at physiological concentrations for 7 days. These findings indicate that genistein, daidzein, and equol influence milk production in MECs in vivo and in vitro in distinctly different ways.
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U2 - 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01288
DO - 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01288
M3 - Article
C2 - 32379443
AN - SCOPUS:85085421067
SN - 0021-8561
VL - 68
SP - 5847
EP - 5853
JO - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
IS - 21
ER -