TY - JOUR
T1 - Practical approach to the sign problem at finite theta-vacuum angle
AU - Sasaki, Takahiro
AU - Kouno, Hiroaki
AU - Yahiro, Masanobu
N1 - Funding Information:
We acknowledge the support by the DFG Cluster of Excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe' and the Transregio programme TR33 'The Dark Universe'. The calculations have been carried out on the computing facilities of the Computational Center for Particle and Astrophysics (C2PAP) and of the Leibniz Supercomputer Center (LRZ). BB is supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. BS acknowledges the support of the NSF grants at Harvard and SAO (AST-1009012, AST-1009649 and MRI- 0723073). TS acknowledges the support from the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) provided through DLR under project 50 OR 1210. The South Pole Telescope is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant ANT-0638937. Partial support is also provided by theNSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to theKavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Optical imaging data from the VLT programmes 088.A-0889 and 089.A-0824, HST imaging data from programmes C18-12246 and C19-12447, and Spitzer Space Telescope imaging from programmes 60099, 70053 and 80012 enable the SED fitting in this analysis. X-ray data obtained with Chandra X-ray Observatory programmes andXMM-Newton Observatory programme 067501 enable the ICM mass measurements. The SPT survey programme SPT-SZ enabled the discovery of these high-redshift clusters and subsequent analyses have enabled virial mass estimates of these systems. Optical spectroscopic data from VLT programmes 086.A-0741 and 286.A-5021 and Gemini programme GS-2009B-Q-16, GS-2011A-C-3 and GS- 2011B-C-6 were included in this work. Additional spectroscopic data were obtained with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes. Facilities: South Pole Telescope, Spitzer/IRAC, VLT: Antu (FORS2), HST/ACS, Chandra, XMM-Newton, Magellan
PY - 2013/3/8
Y1 - 2013/3/8
N2 - We investigate a way of circumventing the sign problem in lattice QCD simulations with a theta-vacuum term, using the Polyakov-loop extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. We consider the reweighting method for the QCD Lagrangian after the UA(1) transformation. In the Lagrangian, the P-odd mass term as a cause of the sign problem is minimized. In order to find a good reference system in the reweighting method, we estimate the average reweighting factor by using the two-flavor Polyakov-loop extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and eventually find a good reference system.
AB - We investigate a way of circumventing the sign problem in lattice QCD simulations with a theta-vacuum term, using the Polyakov-loop extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. We consider the reweighting method for the QCD Lagrangian after the UA(1) transformation. In the Lagrangian, the P-odd mass term as a cause of the sign problem is minimized. In order to find a good reference system in the reweighting method, we estimate the average reweighting factor by using the two-flavor Polyakov-loop extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and eventually find a good reference system.
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U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.056003
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.056003
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84875153421
SN - 1550-7998
VL - 87
JO - Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology
JF - Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology
IS - 5
M1 - 056003
ER -