Pollution, natural resource and economic growth: An econometric analysis

Theoretical arguments imply that an inverted U-shaped relationship may be quite plausible. It is still not clear from the empirical literature whether the relationship of income and environmental degradation is linear or inverted U-shaped. This paper utilises a more global representative sample, than previous EKC studies, and re-evaluates the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) of sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, forestry, mineral depletion, total suspended particulates, biochemical oxygen demand and nationally protected areas. Furthermore, detailed regional level analysis of carbon dioxide and pollution from agriculture are analysed using detailed disaggregated level data since it may not be reasonable to impose isomorphic EKCs if cross-sections vary in terms of resource endowments and infrastructure.