TY - JOUR
T1 - Numerical analysis to better understand the mechanism of the effects of ground supports and reinforcements on the stability of tunnels using the distinct element method
AU - Funatsu, T.
AU - Hoshino, T.
AU - Sawae, H.
AU - Shimizu, N.
N1 - Funding Information:
When the primary tunnel is supported by both a lining and dowels, the particles around the primary tunnel are confined. As a result, a tight ground arch is firstly formed around the primary tunnel. The right side of the ground arch works as a part of the secondary tunnel’s ground arch. In addition, the dowels located between the two tunnels work as supports of the primary tunnel as well as pre-reinforcements of the secondary tunnel.
PY - 2008/9
Y1 - 2008/9
N2 - In order to understand the mechanism of the effects of ground supports and reinforcements on tunnel stability, numerical simulations are conducted using the distinct element method. Four cases of simulations are carried out in this paper for tunnels excavated in a sandy ground to investigate the effects of (1) dowels and a lining on a single tunnel, (2) dowels and a lining on two parallel tunnels, (3) forepoling and face bolts on a single tunnel face, and (4) forepoling and face bolts on two tunnels which face each other. It is found that the use of ground supports causes a discontinuous ground to behave as a continuous one. In addition, it is revealed that supports help to form ground arches in the sandy ground. Detailed discussions are given considering the stress paths and the stress distributions.
AB - In order to understand the mechanism of the effects of ground supports and reinforcements on tunnel stability, numerical simulations are conducted using the distinct element method. Four cases of simulations are carried out in this paper for tunnels excavated in a sandy ground to investigate the effects of (1) dowels and a lining on a single tunnel, (2) dowels and a lining on two parallel tunnels, (3) forepoling and face bolts on a single tunnel face, and (4) forepoling and face bolts on two tunnels which face each other. It is found that the use of ground supports causes a discontinuous ground to behave as a continuous one. In addition, it is revealed that supports help to form ground arches in the sandy ground. Detailed discussions are given considering the stress paths and the stress distributions.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.tust.2007.10.003
DO - 10.1016/j.tust.2007.10.003
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:42949104639
SN - 0886-7798
VL - 23
SP - 561
EP - 573
JO - Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology
JF - Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology
IS - 5
ER -