Novel 2D layered g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite materials for sustainable wastewater treatment by catalytic degradation of toxic dye

The photocatalytic degradation technique is one of the suitable ways of dealing with environmental pollutant decontamination. This study demonstrates the ability of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) nanocomposites containing tellurium (Te) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) to photocatalytically destroy organic cationic methylene blue (MB) dye, which is primarily used in the textile industry. Using the alkali treatment approach, layered graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) was created. Using MoS₂ and Te, several g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites were created using ultrasonic calcination techniques. After the MoS₂ and Te were immobilized individually, the composites underwent a methodical characterization process utilizing a variety of instruments, including XRD and SEM. Using a 2D layered nano-g-C₃N₄ substrate, the photo-catalytic degradation reaction of MB was observed, and a UV spectrophotometer was used to determine the absorbance of the MB dye. Using 0.2 % MoS₂/g-C₃N₄ and 5 % Te/g-C₃N₄, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the MB dye (10, 15, and 20 mg/L) solution was examined. In comparison to other produced nanocomposites, the 5 % Te/g-C₃N₄ composite was shown to have the highest photocatalytic activity in terms of dye degradation ability, and about 100 % of the MB dyes were degraded in less than 60 minutes. As the concentration of MB increased, the dye degradation efficiency of g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites steadily dropped, and the degradation rate of MB was around 1.5 mg/L.