TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular and structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 evolution
T2 - from BA.2 to XBB subvariants
AU - The Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium
AU - Yajima, Hisano
AU - Nomai, Tomo
AU - Okumura, Kaho
AU - Maenaka, Katsumi
AU - Ito, Jumpei
AU - Hashiguchi, Takao
AU - Sato, Kei
AU - Matsuno, Keita
AU - Nao, Naganori
AU - Sawa, Hirofumi
AU - Mizuma, Keita
AU - Li, Jingshu
AU - Kida, Izumi
AU - Mimura, Yume
AU - Ohari, Yuma
AU - Tanaka, Shinya
AU - Tsuda, Masumi
AU - Wang, Lei
AU - Oda, Yoshikata
AU - Ferdous, Zannatul
AU - Shishido, Kenji
AU - Mohri, Hiromi
AU - Iida, Miki
AU - Fukuhara, Takasuke
AU - Tamura, Tomokazu
AU - Suzuki, Rigel
AU - Suzuki, Saori
AU - Tsujino, Shuhei
AU - Ito, Hayato
AU - Kaku, Yu
AU - Misawa, Naoko
AU - Plianchaisuk, Arnon
AU - Guo, Ziyi
AU - Hinay, Alfredo A.
AU - Usui, Kaoru
AU - Saikruang, Wilaiporn
AU - Lytras, Spyridon
AU - Uriu, Keiya
AU - Yoshimura, Ryo
AU - Kawakubo, Shusuke
AU - Nishumura, Luca
AU - Kosugi, Yusuke
AU - Fujita, Shigeru
AU - Tolentino, Jarel Elgin M.
AU - Chen, Luo
AU - Pan, Lin
AU - Li, Wenye
AU - Suzuki, Tateki
AU - Sasaki-Tabata, Kaori
AU - Motozono, Chihiro
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2024 Yajima et al.
PY - 2024/10
Y1 - 2024/10
N2 - Due to the incessant emergence of various SARS-CoV-2 variants with enhanced fitness in the human population, controlling the COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging. Understanding how the virus enhances its fitness during a pandemic could offer valuable insights for more effective control of viral epidemics. In this manuscript, we review the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from early 2022 to the end of 2023—from Omicron BA.2 to XBB descendants. Focusing on viral evolution during this period, we provide concrete examples that SARS-CoV-2 has increased its fitness by enhancing several functions of the spike (S) protein, including its binding affinity to the ACE2 receptor and its ability to evade humoral immunity. Furthermore, we explore how specific mutations modify these functions of the S protein through structural alterations. This review provides evolutionary, molecular, and structural insights into how SARS-CoV-2 has increased its fitness and repeatedly caused epidemic surges during the pandemic.
AB - Due to the incessant emergence of various SARS-CoV-2 variants with enhanced fitness in the human population, controlling the COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging. Understanding how the virus enhances its fitness during a pandemic could offer valuable insights for more effective control of viral epidemics. In this manuscript, we review the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from early 2022 to the end of 2023—from Omicron BA.2 to XBB descendants. Focusing on viral evolution during this period, we provide concrete examples that SARS-CoV-2 has increased its fitness by enhancing several functions of the spike (S) protein, including its binding affinity to the ACE2 receptor and its ability to evade humoral immunity. Furthermore, we explore how specific mutations modify these functions of the S protein through structural alterations. This review provides evolutionary, molecular, and structural insights into how SARS-CoV-2 has increased its fitness and repeatedly caused epidemic surges during the pandemic.
KW - Omicron
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - evolution
KW - molecular phylogenetic
KW - spike
KW - structural biology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85206958537&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85206958537&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1128/mbio.03220-23
DO - 10.1128/mbio.03220-23
M3 - Review article
C2 - 39283095
AN - SCOPUS:85206958537
SN - 2161-2129
VL - 15
JO - mBio
JF - mBio
IS - 10
ER -