Modification of hydroxyapatite crystallization using CO₂ laser

This chapter discusses the modification of hydroxyapatite crystallization using CO₂ laser. The first application of laser technology to dentistry is for the removal of caries infected material and preparation of cavities. However, ever since reports of laser application on improvement of dental surface emerged, much attention is focused on the laser's potential to enhance enamel's hardness and resistance to acid. Most of the previous reports concentrated on the photo issue interaction. Few researches pursued the photochemical reaction due to laser irradiation of biological tissues. In order to find a creative method to remineralize the dissociating enamel and the exposed coronal of dentine, the authors developed a novel procedure during laser irradiation. Free Electron Laser (FEL) application is also intended primarily to realize the same purpose. The micro-pulse structure and duration of FEL is expected to be suitable to modify dental surface efficiently.