Long-term results after treatment of the ascending aorta for bicuspid aortic valve patients

Purpose: We evaluated the long-term results of aortic valve replacement for bicuspid aortic valve patients with or without surgical treatment of the ascending aorta. Methods: A total of 145 bicuspid aortic valve patients had undergone aortic valve replacement since 1974 at our institution. No surgical treatment (Group-N; n = 115) was performed in the ascending aorta if the diameter was less than 40 mm. We wrapped an ascending aorta of 40–50 mm with an artificial graft (Group-W; n = 19), and performed replacement (Group-R; n = 11) if the ascending aorta measured more than 50 mm. Follow-up was completed for 144 patients (99.3 % of the cases). Results: The hospital mortality rate was 1.4 %. There were no significant differences among Groups N, W and R in the freedom from valve-related death and cardiac death at 10 years after surgery. The rates of freedom from aorta-related events in the three groups at 10 years after surgery were 98.3 % (Group-N), 100 % (Group-W) and 100 % (Group-R). Conclusions: The long-term survival was equivalent among the three groups, and the rates of freedom from aorta-related death or events were low. Our surgical protocol for the treatment of the enlarged ascending aorta associated with BAV is appropriate.