Internal measurements of Alfvén eigenmodes with Heavy ion beam probing in toroidal plasmas

Energetic ion driven Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) are believed to be an important element disturbing the transport in a future fusion reactor. The studies of the AE properties in modern toroidal devices have made crucial contributions to the reactor relevant physics. AEs are conventionally studied by magnetic probes (MPs), which provide the poloidal m and toroidal n mode numbers and their spectral characteristics. Heavy ion beam probing (HIBP) has become a new tool to study AEs with high spatial and frequency resolution. HIBP in the TJ-II heliac observes locally (∼1 cm) resolved AEs over the whole radial interval. The set of low-m (m < 8) modes, detected with the high-frequency resolution (<5 kHz), present different types of AEs. AEs are pronounced in the local density, electric potential and poloidal magnetic field oscillations, detected simultaneously by HIBP in the frequency range 50 kHz < f _AE < 300 kHz. Various AE modes are visible in the neutral beam injector (NBI)-heated plasma for co-NBI (<450kW), counter-(<450kW) and balanced NBI (<900kW) from the plasma centre to the edge. A high coherence between MP and HIBP data was found for specific AEs. When the density rises, AE frequency decreases, f_ae ∼ n^-1/2_e , and the cross-phase between the plasma density, poloidal magnetic field and potential remains constant. The amplitude of the AE potential oscillations §φ^AE ∼ 10 V was estimated. Poloidally resolved density and potential measurements may provide information about the AE poloidal wavelength and the AE contribution to the poloidal electric field E _pol and the turbulent particle fluxΓ_e×b. The typical range of E_pol oscillations for AEs is §E ^AE_pol ∼ 10 V cm^-1. Depending on the §n_e and §E_pol amplitudes and cross-phase, AEs may make a small or a significant contribution to the turbulent particle flux Γ_E×B for the observed wavenumbers k_θ < 3 cm^-1.