Immunoglobulin and cytokine production from spleen lymphocytes is modulated in C57BL/6J mice by dietary cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid

We evaluated the effect of cis-9, trans-11 (9c, 11t) and trans-10, cis-12 (10t, 12c) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the immune system in C57BL/6J mice. Mice were fed experimental diets containing 0% CLA (controls), 1% 9c, 11t-CLA, 1% 10t, 12c-CLA or a 1:1 mixture (0.5% + 0.5%) of these two CLA isomers for 3 wk. Relative spleen weights of all CLA fed mice were greater than the controls. Spleen lymphocytes isolated from the mice fed 10t, 12c-CLA produced more immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgM but not IgG when stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) compared with controls. IgA production from unstimulated spleen lymphocytes was greater in the 10t, 12c-CLA group than in controls. Conversely, 9c, 11t-CLA did not affect the production of any of the Ig subclasses. Lymphocytes isolated from 9c, 11t-CLA fed mice produced more tumor necrosis factor-α than the control group. The proportion of B cells in the spleen lymphocyte population was significantly lower in the 9c, 11t-CLA group, and higher in the 10t, 12c-CLA group than in the controls. Compared with the control group, the percentage of CD4⁺ T cells was lower in the 10t, 12c-CLA group, and the percentage of CD8⁺ T cells was higher in the 9c, 11t-CLA group. Furthermore, the percentage of CD8⁺ T cells was higher in the 1:1 mixture group than in controls. The CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio was lower in the 1:1 mixture group than in controls. These results suggest that 9c, 11t and 10t, 12c-CLA can stimulate different immunological effects and that the simultaneous intake of the two isomers can change the T cell population.