TY - JOUR
T1 - General application of blade coating to small-molecule hosts for organic light-emitting diode
AU - Chang, Hao Wen
AU - Lee, Yi Ting
AU - Tseng, Mei Rurng
AU - Jang, Meng Hao
AU - Yeh, Han Cheng
AU - Luo, Fang Tsai
AU - Meng, Hsin Fei
AU - Chen, Chin Ti
AU - Chi, Yun
AU - Qiu, Yong
AU - Duan, Lian
AU - Lin, Hao Wu
AU - Horng, Sheng Fu
AU - Zan, Hsiao Wen
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan under grant No. 103-2120-M-009-003-CC1 , No. 101-2112-M-009-006-MY3 , No. 100-2221-E-007 -079 -MY3 , and the Ministry of Economic Affairs of Taiwan under grant No. 100-EC-17-A-07-S1-157 .
PY - 2014/10
Y1 - 2014/10
N2 - Blade coating is applied to multi-layer phosphorescent OLED with five small-molecule hosts for the emission layer, including bis[3,5-di (9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl]diphenylsilane (SimCP2), 2,6-bis(3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl) phenyl) pyridine (26DCzPPy), 4,4′,4″-tris-(N-carbazolyl)- triphenylamine (TCTA), 9,9-bis[4-(3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazol-9-yl)phenyl]fluorene (TBCPF), and 2,7-bis(diphenylphosphoryl)-9,9′-spirobi[fluorene] (SPPO13). In general, blade coating gives low surface roughness around 0.2 nm without phase separation of the emitter and the host. In the large area of 2 cm by 3 cm the film thickness distribution is within 10% and uniform light-emission is achieved. 1,3-Bis[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazo-5-yl]benzene (OXD-7) is added to tune the electron transport. Among all the hosts, 26DCzPPy and SimCP2 have by far the best electron-hole balance and consequently show the highest efficiency. For SimCP2, the maximal efficiency is 15.8 cd/A for blue and 24.2 cd/A for white emission. The order of efficiencies for the hosts is found to be quite different from the order in vacuum evaporation for the same device structures.
AB - Blade coating is applied to multi-layer phosphorescent OLED with five small-molecule hosts for the emission layer, including bis[3,5-di (9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl]diphenylsilane (SimCP2), 2,6-bis(3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl) phenyl) pyridine (26DCzPPy), 4,4′,4″-tris-(N-carbazolyl)- triphenylamine (TCTA), 9,9-bis[4-(3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazol-9-yl)phenyl]fluorene (TBCPF), and 2,7-bis(diphenylphosphoryl)-9,9′-spirobi[fluorene] (SPPO13). In general, blade coating gives low surface roughness around 0.2 nm without phase separation of the emitter and the host. In the large area of 2 cm by 3 cm the film thickness distribution is within 10% and uniform light-emission is achieved. 1,3-Bis[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazo-5-yl]benzene (OXD-7) is added to tune the electron transport. Among all the hosts, 26DCzPPy and SimCP2 have by far the best electron-hole balance and consequently show the highest efficiency. For SimCP2, the maximal efficiency is 15.8 cd/A for blue and 24.2 cd/A for white emission. The order of efficiencies for the hosts is found to be quite different from the order in vacuum evaporation for the same device structures.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.synthmet.2014.07.003
DO - 10.1016/j.synthmet.2014.07.003
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84906482492
SN - 0379-6779
VL - 196
SP - 99
EP - 109
JO - Synthetic Metals
JF - Synthetic Metals
ER -