Fibrinolysis in Living Donor Liver Transplantation Recipients Evaluated Using Thromboelastometry: Impact on Mortality

Background Inadequate hemostasis during living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is mainly due to coagulopathy but may also include fibrinolysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of fibrinolysis and assess its relevance to mortality in LDLT. Methods The incidence and prognosis of fibrinolysis were retrospectively studied in 76 patients who underwent LDLT between April 2010 and February 2013. Fibrinolysis was evaluated and defined by maximum lysis (ML) >15% within a 60-minute run time using thromboelastometry (ROTEM). Results Fibrinolysis was observed in 19 of the 76 (25%) patients before the anhepatic (pre-anhepatic) phase and was developed in 24 (32%) patients during and after the anhepatic (post-anhepatic) phase. In these 43 patients who had fibrinolysis, spontaneous recovery occurred in 29 patients (73%) within 3 hours after reperfusion of the liver graft. Recovery with tranexamic acid was noted in 2 patients with fibrinolysis in the post-anhepatic phase. Thrombosis in the portal vein and liver artery was noted in 14 patients, and the incidence was significantly greater in patients with post-anhepatic fibrinolysis than in those with pre-anhepatic fibrinolysis (P =.0017). Fibrinolysis that developed in the pre-anhepatic phase was associated with increased 30-day and 6-month mortalities (P =.0003 and.0026, respectively). Conclusions Fibrinolysis existed and developed in a large percentage of patients during LDLT. Thrombosis in the portal vein and hepatic artery was more common in patients with fibrinolysis in the post-anhepatic phase. Fibrinolysis that developed in the pre-anhepatic phase was associated with increased 30-day and 6-month mortalities.