TY - JOUR
T1 - El Niño–Southern Oscillation effect on quasi-biennial oscillations of temperature diurnal tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere
AU - Sun, Yang Yi
AU - Liu, Huixin
AU - Miyoshi, Yasunobu
AU - Liu, Libo
AU - Chang, Loren C.
N1 - Funding Information:
YS, LH, and YM designed and performed experiments, analyzed data, and drafted the manuscript; YM performed the GAIA simulation. LB encouraged YS to investigate QBO. LCC developed the tidal fitting tool. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The GAIA simulations were performed using the computer systems at National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan. The TIMED/SABER Version 2.0 data is available at http://saber.gats-inc.com. The Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) is obtained from http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ensoyears.shtml. The U30 index is downloaded from http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/indices/qbo.u30.index. Not applicable. Not applicable. Y. S. thanks the NICT International Exchange Program for support. H. L. acknowledges support from the JSPS KAKENHI grants 18H01270, 18H04446, and 17KK009. Y. M. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant (B)15H03733. L. C. C. was supported by the MOST 103-2111-M-008-019-MY3 Grant from the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Funding Information:
Y. S. thanks the NICT International Exchange Program for support. H. L. acknowledges support from the JSPS KAKENHI grants 18H01270, 18H04446, and 17KK009. Y. M. was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant (B)15H03733. L. C. C. was supported by the MOST 103‑2111‑M‑008‑019‑MY3 Grant from the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, The Author(s).
PY - 2018/12/1
Y1 - 2018/12/1
N2 - In this study, we evaluate the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signals in the two dominant temperature diurnal tides, diurnal westward wavenumber 1 (DW1) and diurnal eastward wavenumber 3 (DE3) on the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) scale (18–34 months) from 50 to 100 km altitudes. The tides are derived from the 21-year (January 1996–February 2017) Ground-to-Topside model of Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy (GAIA) temperature simulations and 15-year (February 2002–February 2017) Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED)/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) temperature observations. The results show that ENSO warm phases shorten the period (~ 2 years) of the QBO in DW1 amplitude near the equator and DE3 amplitude at low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, the QBO period lengthens (~ 2.5 years) during the ENSO neutral and cold phases. Correlation analysis shows the long-lasting effect of ENSO on the tidal QBO in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
AB - In this study, we evaluate the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signals in the two dominant temperature diurnal tides, diurnal westward wavenumber 1 (DW1) and diurnal eastward wavenumber 3 (DE3) on the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) scale (18–34 months) from 50 to 100 km altitudes. The tides are derived from the 21-year (January 1996–February 2017) Ground-to-Topside model of Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy (GAIA) temperature simulations and 15-year (February 2002–February 2017) Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED)/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) temperature observations. The results show that ENSO warm phases shorten the period (~ 2 years) of the QBO in DW1 amplitude near the equator and DE3 amplitude at low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, the QBO period lengthens (~ 2.5 years) during the ENSO neutral and cold phases. Correlation analysis shows the long-lasting effect of ENSO on the tidal QBO in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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U2 - 10.1186/s40623-018-0832-6
DO - 10.1186/s40623-018-0832-6
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85047458276
SN - 1343-8832
VL - 70
JO - earth, planets and space
JF - earth, planets and space
IS - 1
M1 - 85
ER -