TY - GEN
T1 - Effects of trace phosphorus in Sn-Cu-Ni wave solder dross
AU - Nogita, Kazuhiro
AU - Mohd Salleh, Mohd Arif Anuar
AU - Tran, Xuan Q.
AU - Read, Jonathan
AU - Smith, Selena
AU - McDonald, Stuart D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Phosphorus (P) is often added to wave-solder baths as an anti-oxidation agent for older generation eutectic Sn-37wt%Pb solders. For Pb-free solder alloys trace amounts of germanium (Ge) have been added successfully in Sn-0.7wt%Cu-0.05wt%Ni for anti-oxidation purposes during the wave soldering process. Despite this practice, there is little information on how P and Ge distribute in solder alloys and dross in this alloy system. In this paper, the effects of combinations of trace levels of Ge (< 100ppm) and P (< 100ppm) in Sn-Cu-Ni solder alloys and their dross has been investigated by XRD and SEM/EDS. It was found that the weight fraction of tin oxides in the dross is increased with an addition of less than 100ppm P. The dross consists on SnO oxide with Sn in samples containing Ge and no P, while SnO and SnO2 oxide are both present when P and Ge additions are made. In samples containing P, (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 and Ni-P and/or Ni-Sn-P intermetallics particles were found.
AB - Phosphorus (P) is often added to wave-solder baths as an anti-oxidation agent for older generation eutectic Sn-37wt%Pb solders. For Pb-free solder alloys trace amounts of germanium (Ge) have been added successfully in Sn-0.7wt%Cu-0.05wt%Ni for anti-oxidation purposes during the wave soldering process. Despite this practice, there is little information on how P and Ge distribute in solder alloys and dross in this alloy system. In this paper, the effects of combinations of trace levels of Ge (< 100ppm) and P (< 100ppm) in Sn-Cu-Ni solder alloys and their dross has been investigated by XRD and SEM/EDS. It was found that the weight fraction of tin oxides in the dross is increased with an addition of less than 100ppm P. The dross consists on SnO oxide with Sn in samples containing Ge and no P, while SnO and SnO2 oxide are both present when P and Ge additions are made. In samples containing P, (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 and Ni-P and/or Ni-Sn-P intermetallics particles were found.
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U2 - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.857.49
DO - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.857.49
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:84961275660
SN - 9783035710205
T3 - Materials Science Forum
SP - 49
EP - 52
BT - Advanced Materials Engineering and Technology IV
A2 - Al Bakri Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa
A2 - Razak, Rafiza Abd
A2 - Tahir, Muhammad Faheem Mohd
A2 - Al Bakri Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa
A2 - Razak, Rafiza Abd
A2 - Jamaludin, Liyana
PB - Trans Tech Publications Ltd
T2 - International Conference on Advanced Materials Engineering and Technology, ICAMET 2015
Y2 - 4 December 2015 through 5 December 2015
ER -