Effects of preceding interferon therapy on outcome after surgery for hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Background and Objectives: Interferon (IFN) can eradicate hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA from serum and hepatic tissue, and suppress the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite such effectiveness, HCC develops even in HCV patients successfully treated with IFN therapy. Methods: HCV-related HCC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for HCC were divided into three groups according to preceding IFN for HCV infection therapy and the therapeutic effect: responders group (n=23), non-responders group (n=46), and no-IFN group (n=215). Postoperative outcome was retrospectively examined in the three groups. Results: AST and ALT were significantly lower in responders group than non-responders group (P<0.001, P=0.001) and no-IFN group (P=0.001, P=0.002). Platelet count was significantly higher in responders group than other groups (P=0.008, P=0.001). The percentage of cirrhotic patients in responders group was significantly lower than other groups (P=0.017, P=0.014). Multivariate analysis identified preceding IFN therapy to be associated with disease-free survival at marginal significance (P=0.086), and as a significant independent factor for overall survival (P=0.042). Conclusions: Preceding IFN therapy for HCV infection improves postoperative outcome in HCV-related HCC patients treated successfully with IFN.