Dynamics of water–energy–food nexus methodology, methods, and tools

A review was conducted to understand the current status of the water–energy–food nexus, focusing on its methodology, and the process through which the nexus approach has academically and geographically expanded across and synthesized more than one discourse, discipline, and domain via its methodology as interdisciplinary and integrated approaches. The review article types were categorized into five groups and comprehensively analyzed. Various indicators to assess the nexus methods and tools, reported in previous studies, that can be used to select appropriate methods and tools for methodology and research designs. The studies in the reviewed articles were characterized by various stages of interdisciplinary research. In addition, the water–energy–food nexus initiatives, which generalize methods and tools, applying mixed methods to the replicability of specific case studies, were discussed based on the findings.