TY - JOUR
T1 - Coral skeletal tin and copper concentrations at Pohnpei, Micronesia
T2 - Possible index for marine pollution by toxic anti-biofouling paints
AU - Inoue, Mayuri
AU - Suzuki, Atsushi
AU - Nohara, Masato
AU - Kan, Hironobu
AU - Edward, Ahser
AU - Kawahata, Hodaka
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors express their appreciation to K. Minoshima for analyzing stable isotopes and supporting analysis of inorganic elements on ICP-AES. They also thank to Y. Yoshinaga, Y. Sato and C. Iwanaga for assisting microsampling of a coral skeleton. This study was supported by the following research programs; “GCMAPS program (Global carbon cycle and related mapping based on satellite imagery)” promoted by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, “Study on the increase of sea-surface temperature in Asian Monsoon region based on coral skeletal climatology” by Ministry of the Environments and “Study on environmental change” funded by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
PY - 2004/6
Y1 - 2004/6
N2 - We present 40 year-long skeletal chronologies of tin (Sn) and copper (Cu) from an annually-banded coral (Porites sp.) collected from Pohnpei Island, Micronesia (western equatorial Pacific). Both the elements are present in antifouling marine paints and are released inadvertently into ambient seawater. Especially, Sn has often been used in the form of tributyltin (TBT). Based on a stepwise pretreatment examination, Sn and Cu both inside and outside the aragonite lattice of the coral skeleton show a potential for providing marine pollution indicators. High values of extra-skeletal Cu/Ca and Sn/Ca atomic ratios were found between late 1960s and late 1980s during a period of active use of TBT-based antifouling paints worldwide. However, a significant decrease in both the ratios in the beginning of 1990s can be attributed to regulation of the use of TBT on cargo ships by countries such as the USA, Japan and Australia.
AB - We present 40 year-long skeletal chronologies of tin (Sn) and copper (Cu) from an annually-banded coral (Porites sp.) collected from Pohnpei Island, Micronesia (western equatorial Pacific). Both the elements are present in antifouling marine paints and are released inadvertently into ambient seawater. Especially, Sn has often been used in the form of tributyltin (TBT). Based on a stepwise pretreatment examination, Sn and Cu both inside and outside the aragonite lattice of the coral skeleton show a potential for providing marine pollution indicators. High values of extra-skeletal Cu/Ca and Sn/Ca atomic ratios were found between late 1960s and late 1980s during a period of active use of TBT-based antifouling paints worldwide. However, a significant decrease in both the ratios in the beginning of 1990s can be attributed to regulation of the use of TBT on cargo ships by countries such as the USA, Japan and Australia.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.11.009
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.11.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 15016461
AN - SCOPUS:1542358937
SN - 0269-7491
VL - 129
SP - 399
EP - 407
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
IS - 3
ER -
