@article{a79c1216f6eb44209b640f8b66eb3a16,
title = "Cliff retreat of permafrost coast in south-west Baydaratskaya Bay, Kara Sea, during 2005–2016",
abstract = "Recent years of increasing air temperature in the Arctic have led to a significant increase in the rate of retreat of permafrost coast, which has threatened livelihoods and infrastructure in these areas. The Kara Sea hosts more than 25% of the total Arctic coastline. However, little is known about how coastal erosion in the Kara Sea may have changed through time, and the climatic and environmental drivers remain unclear. Here we study coastal dynamics along a 4-km stretch of permafrost and sea-ice-affected coastline in south-west Baydaratskaya Bay of the Kara Sea, western Siberia, between 2005 and 2016, by using handheld differential GPS mapping and satellite imagery. We identified temporal and spatial variations in the retreat rates, ranging between 1.0 (+0.1/−0.6) and 1.9 (+0.7/−1.3) m/yr over the studied coastline during 2005–2016. We also made ground temperature measurements, subsurface resistivity measurements and estimates of wave energy flux of wind-driven ocean waves, to investigate the dominant climatic factors influencing the observed retreat rates through time. We found that wind-driven wave activity during sea-ice-free days influences the magnitude of coastal retreat in the study area, while recent temperature rise has contributed less to enhancing coastal retreat during the study period. This suggests that the amount of eroded sediment and the associated release of nutrient to the nearshore zone are controlled by the magnitude of wave activity, which may influence infrastructure along the permafrost coast and marine ecosystems in the proximal ocean.",
author = "Isaev, {V. S.} and Koshurnikov, {A. V.} and A. Pogorelov and Amangurov, {R. M.} and O. Podchasov and Sergeev, {D. O.} and Buldovich, {S. N.} and Aleksyutina, {D. M.} and Grishakina, {E. A.} and A. Kioka",
note = "Funding Information: Research Capacity Building Fellowship for Young Scientists, Arctic Challenge for Sustainability (ArCS) project, MEXT Japan; Russian Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: Project No. 16‐17‐00034; SFI‐ SAMCoT project WP6 Funding Information: The authors are grateful to all participants in the field campaigns at Baydaratskaya Bay in 2013?2016 and Dr A. V. Gayvoronsky (JSC Gazprom Transgaz Uhta) for assisting with surveys. A.K. also thanks Dr H. Hamamoto, Profs A. Sugimoto and S. Saitoh, and Mr O. Suzuki for their helpful information prior to the fieldwork. The authors thank three anonymous reviewers and the editor Prof. M. Guglielmin for constructive comments that helped to improve the paper. V.S.I. was supported by SFI-SAMCoT project WP6 managed by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. D.M.A. was supported by Russian Science Foundation project No. 16-17-00034. A.K. was supported by Research Capacity Building Fellowship for Young Scientists from Arctic Challenge for Sustainability (ArCS) project funded by MEXT Japan. A.K. is currently funded by Fonds zur F?rderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF-P29678). Most of the figures in the paper were drafted using Generic Mapping Tool (GMT) software. We acknowledge the use of imagery from the NASA Worldview application (https://worldview.earthdata.nasa.gov/) operated by the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS) project. Satellite images used in the paper are available from Earthstar Geographics, Esri and DigitalGlobe. All other data represented in the paper are available from the corresponding author (A.K.) upon request. Funding Information: The authors are grateful to all participants in the field campaigns at Baydaratskaya Bay in 2013–2016 and Dr A. V. Gayvoronsky (JSC Gazprom Transgaz Uhta) for assisting with surveys. A.K. also thanks Dr H. Hamamoto, Profs A. Sugimoto and S. Saitoh, and Mr O. Suzuki for their helpful information prior to the fieldwork. The authors thank three anonymous reviewers and the editor Prof. M. Guglielmin for constructive comments that helped to improve the paper. V.S.I. was supported by SFI‐SAMCoT project WP6 managed by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. D.M.A. was supported by Russian Science Foundation project No. 16‐17‐00034. A.K. was supported by Research Capacity Building Fellowship for Young Scientists from Arctic Challenge for Sustainability (ArCS) project funded by MEXT Japan. A.K. is currently funded by Fonds zur F{\"o}rderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF‐P29678). Most of the figures in the paper were drafted using Generic Mapping Tool (GMT) software.53 We acknowledge the use of imagery from the NASA Worldview application (https://worldview.earthdata.nasa.gov/) operated by the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS) project. Satellite images used in the paper are available from Earthstar Geographics, Esri and DigitalGlobe. All other data represented in the paper are available from the corresponding author (A.K.) upon request. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors Permafrost and Periglacial Processes Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd",
year = "2019",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1002/ppp.1993",
language = "English",
volume = "30",
pages = "35--47",
journal = "Permafrost and Periglacial Processes",
issn = "1045-6740",
publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Ltd",
number = "1",
}
