TY - JOUR
T1 - Circulating messenger for neuroprotection induced by molecular hydrogen
AU - Noda, Mami
AU - Uemura, Yuya
AU - Yoshii, Yusuke
AU - Horita, Taichi
AU - Takemi, Shota
AU - Sakata, Ichiro
AU - Sakai, Takafumi
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Yoshinori Tanaka (Panasonic Co. Ltd., Shiga, Japan) for H2-producing equipment for animal experiments. This work was partly supported by Laboratory for Technical Supports Medical Institute of Bioregulation and the Research Support Center, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Canadian Science Publishing. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Molecular hydrogen (H2) showed protection against various kinds of oxidative-stress-related diseases. First, it was reported that the mechanism of therapeutic effects of H2 was antioxidative effect due to inhibition of the most cytotoxic reactive oxygen species, hydroxy radical (• OH). However, after chronic administration of H2 in drinking water, oxidative-stress-induced nerve injury is significantly attenuated even in the absence of H2. It suggests indirect signaling of H2 and gastrointestinal tract is involved. Indirect effects of H2 could be tested by giving H2 water only before nerve injury, as preconditioning. For example, preconditioning of H2 for certain a period (∼7 days) in Parkinson’s disease model mice shows significant neuroprotection. As the mechanism of indirect effect, H2 in drinking water induces ghrelin production and release from the stomach via β1-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Released ghrelin circulates in the body, being transported across the blood–brain barrier, activates its receptor, growth-hormone secretagogue receptor. H2-induced upregulation of ghrelin mRNA is also shown in ghrelin-producing cell line, SG-1. These observations help with understanding the chronic effects of H2 and raise intriguing preventive and therapeutic options using H2.
AB - Molecular hydrogen (H2) showed protection against various kinds of oxidative-stress-related diseases. First, it was reported that the mechanism of therapeutic effects of H2 was antioxidative effect due to inhibition of the most cytotoxic reactive oxygen species, hydroxy radical (• OH). However, after chronic administration of H2 in drinking water, oxidative-stress-induced nerve injury is significantly attenuated even in the absence of H2. It suggests indirect signaling of H2 and gastrointestinal tract is involved. Indirect effects of H2 could be tested by giving H2 water only before nerve injury, as preconditioning. For example, preconditioning of H2 for certain a period (∼7 days) in Parkinson’s disease model mice shows significant neuroprotection. As the mechanism of indirect effect, H2 in drinking water induces ghrelin production and release from the stomach via β1-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Released ghrelin circulates in the body, being transported across the blood–brain barrier, activates its receptor, growth-hormone secretagogue receptor. H2-induced upregulation of ghrelin mRNA is also shown in ghrelin-producing cell line, SG-1. These observations help with understanding the chronic effects of H2 and raise intriguing preventive and therapeutic options using H2.
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U2 - 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0098
DO - 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0098
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31100203
AN - SCOPUS:85072627636
SN - 0008-4212
VL - 97
SP - 909
EP - 915
JO - Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
JF - Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
IS - 10
ER -