Age‐associated increase in number of CD4⁺CD8⁺ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in rats

A significant number of CD4⁺CD8⁺ T cells were detected in intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) of various strains of rats including Wistar, WKA, BN, LEW and F344. The site of the CD4⁺CD8⁺ population in IEL increased with age in all strains we examined. Most IEL bearing CD8 expressed no CD5 antigen in young rats, while all CD4⁺CD8⁺ IEL and some of CD8⁺ IEL in aged rats were of CD5⁺CD45RB⁻ phenotype. In germ‐free Wistar rats, age‐associated increase in the number of CD4⁺CD8⁺CD5⁺ IEL was not evident, indicating that stimulation by the intestinal microflora was important for expansion of the CD4⁺CD8⁺CD5⁺CD45RB⁻ IEL. Aged athymic F344 nude rats contained appreciable numbers of CD4⁺ IEL and CD8⁺ IEL but few CD4⁺CD8⁺ IEL, suggesting that the CD4⁺CD8⁺ IEL may be derived from thymus‐dependent populations. Unlike a majority of CD4⁺CD8⁺ thymocytes bearing a low intensity of CD3/T cell receptor (TcR) α/β, the CD4⁺CD8⁺ T cells in IEL expressed a high intensity of CD3/TcR α/β on their surface. The CD4⁺CD8⁺ IEL appear to contribute to the spontaneous proliferation of the IEL in aged rats as assessed by tritiated thymidine incorporation after in vitro culture with medium only. These results suggest that with aging a unique CD4⁺CD8⁺ IEL may expand at a local site of the intestine under the influence of intestinal microflora and may contribute to the first line of defense against various pathogens in the epithelium.