Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with distant metastases, successfully treated by a combination therapy of α-interferon and oral tegafur/uracil

We report a case of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), successfully treated by a combination therapy of α-interferon (IFN-α) and tegafur/uracil (UFT). A 44-year-old Japanese man who underwent a partial hepatectomy for HCC developed tumor recurrence in the liver 10 months after surgery. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TAE) was performed twice within 7 months, but was ineffective. Later, multiple metastatic lesions appeared in the liver, lung and spine. Following the third TAE, a combination therapy of IFN-α (10 × 10⁶ units, i.m., t.i.w.) and UFT (300 mg, p.o.d.) was started. The treatment resulted in a fall in serum PIVKA-II (protein induced by vitamin K antagonism) levels from 906 mAU to normal levels and a complete resolution of all lung nodules within 6 months. At the latest follow up 24 months after the initiation of combination treatment, the patient was working full-time and showed no evidence of tumor relapse. A combination therapy of IFN-α and UFT may be promising for the treatment of advanced HCC.