A hardness result and new algorithm for the longest common palindromic subsequence problem

The 2-LCPS problem, first introduced by Chowdhury et al. (2014) [17], asks one to compute (the length of) a longest common palindromic subsequence between two given strings A and B. We show that the 2-LCPS problem is at least as hard as the well-studied longest common subsequence problem for four strings. Then, we present a new algorithm which solves the 2-LCPS problem in O(σM²+n) time, where n denotes the length of A and B, M denotes the number of matching positions between A and B, and σ denotes the number of distinct characters occurring in both A and B. Our new algorithm is faster than Chowdhury et al.'s sparse algorithm when σ=o(log²⁡nlog⁡log⁡n).