TY - JOUR
T1 - α-globulin-rich rice cultivar, low glutelin content-1 (LGC-1), decreases serum cholesterol concentration in exogenously hypercholesterolemic rats
AU - Yuan, Xingyu
AU - Minobe, Yutaro
AU - Tanaka, Yasutake
AU - Fukuda, Yumi
AU - Furukawa, Yumiko
AU - Miyago, Motonori
AU - Mizokami, Takuya
AU - Tsai, Wei Ting
AU - Jiang, Zhe
AU - Tong, Li Tao
AU - Akasaka, Taiki
AU - Shirouchi, Bungo
AU - Toyosawa, Yoshiko
AU - Kumamaru, Toshihiro
AU - Sato, Masao
N1 - Funding Information:
The present study was supported by a grant for research ‘Development of fundamental technology for analysis and evaluation of functional agricultural products and functional foods’ from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery to Motoni Kadowaki, PhD. We thank NIAS for kindly providing the seeds of the LGC-1 and LGC-Jun lines. We also thank Editage (www.editage.jp) for English language editing of the manuscript submitted for publication.
Funding Information:
The present study was supported by a grant for research ‘Development of fundamental technology for analysis and evaluation of functional agricultural products and functional foods’ from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery to Motoni Kadowaki, PhD. We thank NIAS for kindly providing the seeds of the LGC‐1 and LGC‐Jun lines. We also thank Editage ( www.editage.jp ) for English language editing of the manuscript submitted for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - BACKGROUND: Rice α-globulin has been reported to have serum cholesterol-lowering activity in rats. However, it is still unclear whether α-globulin exerts this effect when taken as one of the dietary components. In the present study, we investigated the effect of two cultivars of rice, low glutelin content (LGC)-1 and LGC-Jun, on reducing serum cholesterol in exogenously hypercholesterolemic (ExHC) rats. LGC-1 is enriched in α-globulin (10.6 mg g−1 rice flour, which is an approximately 1.5 times higher α-globulin content than in Koshihikari a predominant rice cultivar in Japan), whereas LGC-Jun is a globulin-negative cultivar. METHODS: ExHC rats, the model strain of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia, were fed 50% LGC-1 or LGC-Jun and 0.5% cholesterol-containing diets for 2 weeks, followed by measurement of cholesterol metabolism parameters in serum and tissues. RESULTS: Serum cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the LGC-1 group compared to the LGC-Jun group. Cholesterol intestinal absorption markers, hepatic and serum levels of campesterol and β-sitosterol, and lymphatic cholesterol transport were not different between the two groups. Levels of 7α-hydroxycholesterol, an intermediate of bile acid synthesis, showed a downward trend in the livers of rats that were fed LGC-1 (P = 0.098). There was a significant decrease in the hepatic mRNA expression of Cyp7a1 (a synthetic enzyme for 7α-hydroxycholesterol) in the LGC-1 group compared to the LGC-Jun group. CONCLUSION: Dietary LGC-1 significantly decreased serum cholesterol levels in ExHC rats. The possible mechanism for the cholesterol-lowering activity of LGC-1 is partial inhibition of bile acid and cholesterol synthesis in the liver.
AB - BACKGROUND: Rice α-globulin has been reported to have serum cholesterol-lowering activity in rats. However, it is still unclear whether α-globulin exerts this effect when taken as one of the dietary components. In the present study, we investigated the effect of two cultivars of rice, low glutelin content (LGC)-1 and LGC-Jun, on reducing serum cholesterol in exogenously hypercholesterolemic (ExHC) rats. LGC-1 is enriched in α-globulin (10.6 mg g−1 rice flour, which is an approximately 1.5 times higher α-globulin content than in Koshihikari a predominant rice cultivar in Japan), whereas LGC-Jun is a globulin-negative cultivar. METHODS: ExHC rats, the model strain of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia, were fed 50% LGC-1 or LGC-Jun and 0.5% cholesterol-containing diets for 2 weeks, followed by measurement of cholesterol metabolism parameters in serum and tissues. RESULTS: Serum cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the LGC-1 group compared to the LGC-Jun group. Cholesterol intestinal absorption markers, hepatic and serum levels of campesterol and β-sitosterol, and lymphatic cholesterol transport were not different between the two groups. Levels of 7α-hydroxycholesterol, an intermediate of bile acid synthesis, showed a downward trend in the livers of rats that were fed LGC-1 (P = 0.098). There was a significant decrease in the hepatic mRNA expression of Cyp7a1 (a synthetic enzyme for 7α-hydroxycholesterol) in the LGC-1 group compared to the LGC-Jun group. CONCLUSION: Dietary LGC-1 significantly decreased serum cholesterol levels in ExHC rats. The possible mechanism for the cholesterol-lowering activity of LGC-1 is partial inhibition of bile acid and cholesterol synthesis in the liver.
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U2 - 10.1002/jsfa.11312
DO - 10.1002/jsfa.11312
M3 - Article
C2 - 33982308
AN - SCOPUS:85107118605
SN - 0022-5142
VL - 101
SP - 6417
EP - 6423
JO - Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
JF - Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
IS - 15
ER -