My expertise is in the ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) physics. I study the structure, dynamical and electrodynamical processes, the plasma-neutral interactions and their response to external forcing from above such as EUV, particle precipitation, electric field from the Sun and magnetosphere and from below such as tides and gravity waves from the lower atmosphere. I am particularly interested in the vertical coupling processes in the whole atmosphere during space weather events, which directly affect satellite operations and wireless communication and the navigation system. I am also highly interested in comparative planetary study on TI system on various planets.